{"id":9586,"date":"2018-07-18T05:01:33","date_gmt":"2018-07-18T03:01:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/?p=9586"},"modified":"2018-07-18T05:01:33","modified_gmt":"2018-07-18T03:01:33","slug":"interview-the-future-of-international-justice-amid-boundless-cruelty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/2018\/07\/interview-the-future-of-international-justice-amid-boundless-cruelty\/","title":{"rendered":"Interview: The Future of International Justice Amid Boundless Cruelty"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-intro\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2018\/07\/11\/interview-future-international-justice-amid-boundless-cruelty\">Human Rights Watch<\/a> &#8211; The ICC, the world\u2019s only permanent international court designed to try war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide, marks the 20<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0anniversary of its founding treaty on July 17, 2018. The court is on the brink of unprecedented moves, including a possible investigation in Afghanistan, while operating on a dangerously lean budget. Richard Dicker, International Justice director for Human Rights Watch, played a role in the court\u2019s founding. He speaks with Amy Braunschweiger about the court\u2019s \u00a0challenges, its future, and why the world needs international justice.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/201711icc_justice_bensouda.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-9587\" src=\"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/201711icc_justice_bensouda.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/201711icc_justice_bensouda.jpg 800w, https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/201711icc_justice_bensouda-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/201711icc_justice_bensouda-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/201711icc_justice_bensouda-240x159.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-content article-content--sidebar clearfix\">\n<div class=\"article-content__primary l-primary\">\n<div class=\"article-body article-body--contained\">\n<p><strong>You were there when the treaty establishing the ICC was completed 20 years ago. What was that like?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It was a six-week rollercoaster ride of intense negotiations, preceded \u00a0by three years of negotiations at United Nations headquarters in New York to create a draft treaty. There were ministers and lawyers from probably 150 countries around the world, and nongovernmental organizations from around the world, too.<\/p>\n<p>I got to Rome filled with excitement. Really, we were looking at accomplishing a task that was so urgently needed. You have to remember, this was directly after the horrific conflict in the former Yugoslavia, where there was genocide in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/reports\/bosnia1095web.pdf\">mass execution of 8,000 Muslim men and boys<\/a>\u00a0in Srebrenica. It also followed on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/report\/1999\/03\/01\/leave-none-tell-story\/genocide-rwanda\">Rwandan genocide<\/a>, when in a three-month period about 800,000 Tutsis were slaughtered. The world was reeling and it needed a permanent criminal court that could deal with these kinds of horrors wherever they occurred.<\/p>\n<p>All of us felt we were there in a history-making event and moment.<\/p>\n<p>And there was also the uncertainly of whether at the end of the five weeks \u2013 it was going to end on July 17 come hell or high water \u2013 there would be a treaty establishing a court worth having. Were we going to succeed? Fail?<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"ICC Turns 20: Reflections from Law Students Around the World\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vKeTXvweOjM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<figure class=\"embed node node-video node-promoted multimedia\" data-yt-id=\"vKeTXvweOjM\"><strong>What was your role in helping establish the court?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Civil society groups, including Human Rights Watch, had a lot to say about provisions that would be part of a final treaty, specifically the powers of the court and its officials. We had a say in what war crimes could be included, for example which crimes committed in civil wars.<\/p>\n<p>We were not formally included in the negotiations. But another role for Human Rights Watch and colleague groups was to share strategy and tactics with the 70 or so countries that wanted to create a fair, independent, impartial, and effective court. We shared thoughts on ways to circumvent obstacles thrown up by some of the less supportive countries, like China, Saudi Arabia, and India. Also, the United States posed its own demands.<\/p>\n<p>We also spoke to the media. We could say things that official delegations would not say and stigmatize certain governments that were being particularly obstructive.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The ICC\u2019s current chief prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, is seen as someone who diligently works to uphold the rule of law, all while a new generation of world leaders are busy trying to tear down institutions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, the first prosecutor of the court made significant mistakes. He shortchanged the importance of serious, careful investigations. This meant that several of the charges and cases he brought during the court\u2019s first decade were tossed out. Those cases were further undermined by witness tampering, with some witnesses disappearing and others possibly killed. This includes the now-dismissed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2014\/01\/07\/justice-kenya-stumbles-icc\">case against Kenya\u2019s current president<\/a>\u00a0and deputy president involving post-election violence. There were cases in the Democratic Republic of Congo that were similarly tossed out.<\/p>\n<p>This was a real problem. The first impression created by the ICC was not terrifically positive.<\/p>\n<p>The current prosecutor,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/about\/otp\/who-s-who\/pages\/fatou-bensouda.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fatou Bensouda<\/a>, started work in 2012. She is quite different, in that she actually bases her actions, and the actions of her office, on the requirements of the Rome Statue itself. Investigation is taken much more seriously. Getting the facts. Double-checking the facts. She conveys a sense of commitment to the law. A commitment to the victims in the communities most effected by the crimes, and a carefulness that is very important.<\/p>\n<p>Which is not to say that the Office of the Prosecutor, or the court, does not still have challenges.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"embed node node-image align-right multimedia\">\n<div class=\"embed-media\"><a class=\"link--modal link--inline-block\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/219541\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/16%3A9_946x534\/public\/media\/images\/photographs\/Bogoro_0.JPG?itok=z0Jl0tlW\" sizes=\"(min-width: 77.5em) 946px, (min-width: 48em) calc(100vw - 120px), (min-width: 37.5em) calc(100vw - 70px), calc(100vw - 50px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/294w\/public\/media\/images\/photographs\/Bogoro_0.JPG?itok=BsWWDBmr 294w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/430w\/public\/media\/images\/photographs\/Bogoro_0.JPG?itok=o2OtzZe_ 430w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/676w\/public\/media\/images\/photographs\/Bogoro_0.JPG?itok=ZsDYr4hP 676w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/946w\/public\/media\/images\/photographs\/Bogoro_0.JPG?itok=Y7lw8cV_ 946w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/1070w\/public\/media\/images\/photographs\/Bogoro_0.JPG?itok=gCHgFEJ5 1070w\" alt=\"ICC_Bogoro_FR\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-actions embed-actions--expand\"><a class=\"link--modal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/219541\">EXPAND\u00a0<span class=\"figure-caption\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"figure-credit\">\u00a9 2008 ICC-CPI<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"figure-info clearfix\">Le personnel de la Cour p\u00e9nale internationale pr\u00e9sente les activit\u00e9s de la Cour aux habitants d\u2019un village de l\u2019Ituri, r\u00e9gion ravag\u00e9e par la guerre \u00e0 l\u2019Est de la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo.<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Like the fact that some countries are not parties to the ICC because they haven\u2019t ratified the treaty. So the court\u2019s justice isn\u2019t universal.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When the ICC was founded, it was shortly after the end of the Cold War, the end of apartheid in South Africa, the transition to democracy in many Latin American countries, and the end of dictatorship in South Korea. Some even thought, what will be the need for this court?<\/p>\n<p>Contrast that with today. What\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/middle-east\/n-africa\/syria\">happened in Syria<\/a>. What\u2019s happened in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/middle-east\/n-africa\/iraq\">Iraq<\/a>, what\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/middle-east\/n-africa\/yemen\">going on in Yemen<\/a>. The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/africa\/south-sudan\">civil war in South Sudan<\/a>\u00a0and the ethnic cleansing of 700,000\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/tag\/rohingya-crisis\">Rohingya Muslim in Myanmar<\/a>. We see the proliferation of the ugliest kinds of crimes that the ICC was created to address.<\/p>\n<p>Yet the ICC cannot address them because none of the countries I just mentioned \u2013 not surprisingly \u2013 have ratified and joined the ICC system. And thus, these crimes unfold and the court\u2019s prosecutor has no authority to intervene unless the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/sc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UN Security Council<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 without any of its five permanent members casting a veto \u2013 asks the court to get involved.<\/p>\n<p>Why was the court designed this way? An important concession was slipped in to make the ICC appear less threatening to the US government. This happened at the last minute, very quietly, and was then presented as a fait accompli. And of course the US didn\u2019t join anyway.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"African Union: Activists Challenge Attacks on ICC\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4sbgdFp0Pro?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div class=\"article-body article-body--contained\">\n<p>The upshot, essentially, is that for the prosecutor to begin an investigation in a country, it is necessary for that country to have ratified this treaty. Nearly two-thirds of the UN membership \u2013 123 states \u2013 are party to the treaty. Among the exceptions are the largest and most powerful states: China, the US, Russia, India, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia.<\/p>\n<p>The only other way for the ICC to reach these countries is if their forces commit crimes on the territory of a country that has joined the ICC. For example, there is evidence that US military forces and intelligence personnel\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2017\/11\/20\/interview-finally-justice-victims-afghanistan\">committed war crimes on Afghan soil<\/a>. In 2004 the government in Kabul decided to ratify the treaty. That\u2019s why alleged US crimes in Afghanistan are a focus of the ICC.<\/p>\n<p><strong>And it\u2019s not just Afghanistan. The ICC is on the cusp of a shift away from where it traditionally operated in Africa to opening preliminary examinations in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/tag\/philippines-war-drugs\">Philippines<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/blog-feed\/venezuelas-crisis\">Venezuela<\/a>, and other countries.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There is a shift that\u2019s taking place. The court carried out all of its first investigations in Africa, in most cases at the request of the countries themselves, with two others at the request of the UN Security Council. Some African leaders said the ICC was unfairly persecuting Africa. I think abusive leaders used that as a self-defense tactic. But it had resonance because of the dreadful centuries of Africa\u2019s colonial history, where the continent and its people were ravaged by European powers.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"embed node node-image align-left multimedia\">\n<div class=\"embed-media\"><a class=\"link--modal link--inline-block\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/318824\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/16%3A9_946x534\/public\/multimedia_images_2018\/201806asia_philippines_drugwar_kian.jpg?itok=VCqtqoUn\" sizes=\"(min-width: 77.5em) 946px, (min-width: 48em) calc(100vw - 120px), (min-width: 37.5em) calc(100vw - 70px), calc(100vw - 50px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/294w\/public\/multimedia_images_2018\/201806asia_philippines_drugwar_kian.jpg?itok=Uxo1AxHC 294w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/430w\/public\/multimedia_images_2018\/201806asia_philippines_drugwar_kian.jpg?itok=hG5rHtcg 430w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/676w\/public\/multimedia_images_2018\/201806asia_philippines_drugwar_kian.jpg?itok=lTvPY5sw 676w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/1070w\/public\/multimedia_images_2018\/201806asia_philippines_drugwar_kian.jpg?itok=WPjxOvjz 800w\" alt=\"Mourners display a streamer during a funeral march for Kian delos Santos, a 17-year-old student who was shot during anti-drug operations in Caloocan, Metro Manila, Philippines August 26, 2017.\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-actions embed-actions--expand\"><a class=\"link--modal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/318824\">EXPAND\u00a0<span class=\"figure-caption\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"figure-credit\">\u00a9 2017 Reuters<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"figure-info clearfix\">Mourners display a streamer during a funeral march for Kian delos Santos, a 17-year-old student who was shot during anti-drug operations in Caloocan, Metro Manila, Philippines August 26, 2017.<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>So, then you have the president of Kenya saying the court was a tool of neo-colonial powers.<\/p>\n<p>I think this prosecutor sees her legacy in part as bringing the court out of Africa. She has requested \u00a0opening investigations in Afghanistan, which implicates the US. She has opened an investigation in Georgia in the Caucasus,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2016\/01\/27\/georgia\/russia-icc-judges-ok-investigation\">which may implicate Russia<\/a>. In the case of Palestine, she may open an investigation into\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2016\/06\/05\/palestine-icc-should-open-formal-probe\">settlements in the West Bank<\/a>\u00a0that would implicate Israelis.<\/p>\n<p>This is an effort to realize the promise and potential that inspired so many of us in Rome. We were creating a court that could reach people from the most powerful countries, as well as the \u00a0less powerful states, wherever horrific crimes have been committed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Does the ICC have the resources to do this?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I think they are stretched very thin. And that\u2019s in part because the major contributing governments \u2013 France, Germany, the UK, Japan, Canada, and Italy \u2013 refuse to increase the court budget \u00a0commensurate with the demands. These governments want to limit the court\u2019s budget \u00a0increases to keeping with inflation when the number of countries where the court is investigating, or deciding whether to investigate, has increased dramatically.<\/p>\n<p>The court\u2019s budget of 150 million euros per year is a lot of money, no doubt. But it costs a lot less than a month\u2019s UN field operations in some war-torn countries.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"embed node node-image align-left multimedia\">\n<div class=\"embed-media\"><a class=\"link--modal link--inline-block\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/307747\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/16%3A9_946x534\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201708internationaljustice_uganda_main.jpg?itok=5NbhFwMg\" sizes=\"(min-width: 77.5em) 946px, (min-width: 48em) calc(100vw - 120px), (min-width: 37.5em) calc(100vw - 70px), calc(100vw - 50px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/294w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201708internationaljustice_uganda_main.jpg?itok=b7NiAtal 294w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/430w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201708internationaljustice_uganda_main.jpg?itok=IekrLl7k 430w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/676w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201708internationaljustice_uganda_main.jpg?itok=56jiU8X3 676w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/946w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201708internationaljustice_uganda_main.jpg?itok=cmZE9Bjs 946w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/1070w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201708internationaljustice_uganda_main.jpg?itok=RBsp55-4 1070w\" alt=\"A community member in Lukodi stands next to a memorial of a May 19, 2004 massacre, one of the atrocities for which Dominic Ongwen is facing charges before the International Criminal Court. Over 4,000 victims are participating in the trial. \" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-actions embed-actions--expand\">A community member in Lukodi stands next to a memorial of a May 19, 2004 massacre, one of the atrocities for which Dominic Ongwen is facing charges before the International Criminal Court. Over 4,000 victims are participating in the trial.<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"figure-info clearfix\"><span class=\"figure-caption\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"figure-credit\">\u00a9 2016 G. GT.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"embed node node-image align-right multimedia\">\n<div class=\"embed-media\"><a class=\"link--modal link--inline-block\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/285974\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/16%3A9_946x534\/public\/multimedia_images_2016\/gbagbo.jpeg?itok=HjWdCxxp\" sizes=\"(min-width: 77.5em) 946px, (min-width: 48em) calc(100vw - 120px), (min-width: 37.5em) calc(100vw - 70px), calc(100vw - 50px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/294w\/public\/multimedia_images_2016\/gbagbo.jpeg?itok=SuzpE4Jn 294w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/430w\/public\/multimedia_images_2016\/gbagbo.jpeg?itok=5hru4o0B 430w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/676w\/public\/multimedia_images_2016\/gbagbo.jpeg?itok=8_ip6YXB 676w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/1070w\/public\/multimedia_images_2016\/gbagbo.jpeg?itok=PAkCmMGA 946w\" alt=\"Cote d'Ivoire IJP Laurent Gbagbo\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-actions embed-actions--expand\"><a class=\"link--modal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/285974\">EXPAND\u00a0<span class=\"figure-caption\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"figure-credit\">\u00a9 2013 Reuters<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"figure-info clearfix\">Victims of the 2010\u00a0post-election crisis protest outside the Justice Palace, demanding that the\u00a0International Criminal Court prosecute former Cote d&#8217;Ivoire\u00a0president Laurent Gbagbo, in Abidjan,\u00a0Cote d&#8217;Ivoire\u00a0on June 17, 2013.<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Can the court manage without additional resources?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yes, but in a more restricted way than the court\u2019s treaty intended. The question, though, is whether in diversifying its investigations it will step on the toes of very powerful countries. And the sheer obstacles of doing this difficult work well with limited funding. Will the ICC be able to rise to the challenge? These are the stakes for 2018.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Is the court strong enough to withstand the attacks on the rule of law happening throughout the world? After all, these are coming from both authoritarian countries and democracies headed by autocratic populists<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The governments that created this court 20 years ago need to convey publicly, to their own people, why the court, with all its operational shortcomings, is important. And they need to increase the support \u2013 politically, diplomatically, financially \u2013 for this institution. That\u2019s what this 20<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0anniversary should be about.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Why do you see the court as essential? People are still committing horrible and cruel crimes.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The court will not cure and correct all the cruelty and crimes human beings inflict on one another. But there is a clear lesson to be derived from history. Overwhelmingly, with one or two exceptions, when these crimes occur, if there is no proper accounting for them \u2013 no impartial trials \u2013 the same crimes will likely erupt again in an uglier, more intense way.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"embed node node-image align-right multimedia\">\n<div class=\"embed-media\"><a class=\"link--modal link--inline-block\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/312003\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/16%3A9_946x534\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201711europe_bosnia_croatia_praljak_icc.jpg?itok=80XJc2w1\" sizes=\"(min-width: 77.5em) 946px, (min-width: 48em) calc(100vw - 120px), (min-width: 37.5em) calc(100vw - 70px), calc(100vw - 50px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/294w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201711europe_bosnia_croatia_praljak_icc.jpg?itok=ZqjiRD-_ 294w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/430w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201711europe_bosnia_croatia_praljak_icc.jpg?itok=Bcn8d4g1 430w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/676w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201711europe_bosnia_croatia_praljak_icc.jpg?itok=yyE2orpu 676w, https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/1070w\/public\/multimedia_images_2017\/201711europe_bosnia_croatia_praljak_icc.jpg?itok=IMGDPb-6 800w\" alt=\"Slobodan Praljak is seen during television broadcast of the appeal trial in the Hague, Netherlands, for six Bosnian Croat senior wartime officials accused of war crimes against Muslims in Bosnia's 1992-1995 war, in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina November \" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"embed-actions embed-actions--expand\"><a class=\"link--modal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/view-mode\/modal\/312003\">EXPAND\u00a0<span class=\"figure-caption\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"figure-credit\">\u00a9 2017 Reuters<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"figure-info clearfix\">Slobodan Praljak is seen during television broadcast of the appeal trial in the Hague, Netherlands, for six Bosnian Croat senior wartime officials accused of war crimes against Muslims in Bosnia&#8217;s 1992-1995 war, in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina November 29, 2017.<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Trials are essential, along with truth telling, documenting crimes, providing reparations, and ridding security forces of people who committed grave crimes. As is fostering the development of war-torn countries in the context of a durable peace.<\/p>\n<p>So, you ask me what\u2019s the importance of the court? First and foremost, it\u2019s a matter of honoring the victims and their memory by holding to account those found to be responsible for their suffering. I think that\u2019s a mark of civilization. But pragmatically speaking, if you want to prevent the recurrence of such crimes, these trials and other measures are crucial to prevent another, even more vicious, cycle of violence.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Why are you so dedicated to International Justice?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m a human rights activist, first and foremost. Have been for decades. I was trained professionally as a lawyer. And I\u2019ve seen the role that law can play in advancing and defending human rights. I think that with its weakness and shortcomings the court still represents a qualitative advance in the rule of law and the protection of human beings.<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s in it for me? I think that at the end of the day, it\u2019s that. Of the advances this represents. The importance of improving the practice. Not just growing cynical. Or skeptical. Not letting those who fear accountability have their way to commit heinous crimes without fearing being held responsible. That\u2019s what keeps me in there.<\/p>\n<p>And the people I\u2019ve met, in the camps for displaced people in northern Uganda and northern Mali, or the survivors of the genocide in Srebrenica, or the victims of the limb amputations in Sierra Leone, or the Iraqi victims of Saddam Hussein. I mean, that\u2019s the fuel. That\u2019s what\u2019s driving me.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"donation-promo--one-column\">\n<div id=\"block-hrw-donation-blocks-hrw-donation-blocks-promo\" class=\"block block-hrw-donation-blocks\">\n<div class=\"block-content block-content\">\n<div class=\"row donation-form donation-form--cta\">\n<div class=\"the-form\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"embed node node-image align-left multimedia\">\n<div class=\"embed-media\"><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Human Rights Watch &#8211; The ICC, the world\u2019s only permanent international court designed to try war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide, marks the 20th\u00a0anniversary of its founding treaty on July 17, 2018. The court [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":9587,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[90,85,43,58,627,52,11,50,88,10],"tags":[677,241],"class_list":["post-9586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-editor-selection","category-human-rights","category-human-rights-online-library","category-international-and-intergovernmental-institutions","category-international-criminal-court-icc","category-international-justice-human-rights-online-library","category-issues","category-political-civil-economic-social-and-cultural-rights","category-slider","category-world","tag-international-criminal-court-icc","tag-international-justice-2","country-afghanistan","country-world","Documents-statements-multimedia","Documents-conventions"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9586"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9586\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9589,"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9586\/revisions\/9589"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/openasia.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}