Source: APPRO
Overview
For a variety of reasons the micro and small-sized enterprises (MSSEs), senfs, anjomans, and the etehadia have persisted, some for hundreds of years and despite the recurring periods of turmoil and instability and continued to add net value to the Afghan economy. Ongoing research by Afghanistan Public Policy Research Organization (APPRO) has documented and analyzed the activities, economic contributions, and needs of bazaar-based (clustered) enterprises in major cities of Afghanistan since 2010. This programme commenced with a study of traditional clusters in Herat, concluded in September 2011, followed by another study in Kabul, Parwan, and Balkh starting in 2011 and concluding in mid-2013.
Similar to findings from previous research by APPRO, this report also finds that the most pressing needs of MSSEs are: 1. Professional trainers to train the master craftsmen on modern production techniques and using modern production tools. 2. Basic literacy and basic mathematics for apprentices, a significant number of whom are functionally illiterate and thus limited in their ability to absorb formal learning. 3. Adequate English literacy among senior trades people, such as master craftsmen, or those who work in more complex / modern trades such as auto mechanics. 4. Tailor-made training for master craftsmen to standardize their knowledge of their trades and to enable them to transfer their skills to their apprentices more effectively. 5. Access to affordable finance. 6. Access to other markets (domestic and beyond). 7. Access to reliable electricity. 8. Access to basic amenities such as running water and sanitary facilities at the workplace.
Two sets of recommendations are put forth in this report. The first set concerns provisions for strengthening the traditional apprenticeship system. The second set of recommendations concerns the broader operational needs of clustered enterprises.
